• (#22) is a section of large diameter pipe fitted to the top of the that the attaches to via a side outlet, to allow the to flow back to the .• (BOPs) (#23 and #24) are devices installed at the wellhead to prevent fluids and gases from unintentionally escaping from the . #23 is the annular (often referred to as Hydril named after a manufacturer), and #24 is the pipe rams and blind rams. [pdf]
DTH technique was used in well drilling exclusively to dig, accurate, vertical bores, and rotary drilling was used to turn the hole. The Directional DTH system, patented by Atlas Copco, was first used successf. [pdf]
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